• Mission
  • Contact Us
  • Privacy Policy
  • Subscribe
  • Terms of Service
Conscious Life News
5-day Holosync Challenge
  • Home
  • Conscious Living
    • Activism
    • Animals and Pets
    • Conscious Evolution
    • Conscious Parenting
    • Happiness & Humor
    • Inspirational
    • Manifestation / LOA
    • Meditation
    • Peace & Human Rights
    • Relationships & Sex
    • Thrive
  • Economy
    • Business
    • Education
    • Loans and Frugal Living
    • Investing and Insurance
  • Environ.
    • Climate Change
    • Eco-Friendly
    • Farming & Gardening
    • Environmental Hazards
    • Nature & Wildlife
    • Preparedness
  • Govt.
    • Agencies & Systems
    • The Fed & Banking Cartel
    • Censorship
    • Govt. Corruption
    • Internet Control
    • Military Industrial Complex
    • Policies
    • Politics
    • Govt. Surveillance
    • Whistleblower
  • Health
    • Alternative Health Care
    • Big Pharma, CDC & FDA
    • COVID-19 Vaccine
    • Diet, Weight Loss, Obesity
    • Exercise and Fitness
    • Food, Drink & Nutrition
    • Healing & Natural Remedies
    • Herbs, Seeds & Spices
    • Human Energy Systems
    • Longevity & Life Extension
    • Mind-Body Connection
    • Pet and Animal Health
    • Prevention
    • Skin & Hair Care
  • Horoscopes
  • Media
    • Alternative Media
    • Books
    • Art and Music
    • Corporate Controlled Media
    • Films & TV
    • Internet
    • Social Media
  • Reality’s Edge
    • Afterlife & Past Lives
    • Ascension
    • Astrology & Numerology
    • Channeling & Readings
    • Dreams, ESP & Remote Viewing
    • Dying, NDE, & OBE
    • ETs, UFOs & Crop Circles
    • Mandela Effect
    • Mysteries
    • Predictions & Prophecies
    • Quantum Physics
    • Reality Shifts & Timelines
    • Spirituality and Religion
    • Angels & Spirits
  • Sci-Tech
    • Archaeology
    • Earth & Space
    • Futurism & Inspiring Inventions
    • Medical Advances & Procedures
    • Nature
    • Psychology-Psychiatry
    • Science
    • Technology
No Result
View All Result
  • Home
  • Conscious Living
    • Activism
    • Animals and Pets
    • Conscious Evolution
    • Conscious Parenting
    • Happiness & Humor
    • Inspirational
    • Manifestation / LOA
    • Meditation
    • Peace & Human Rights
    • Relationships & Sex
    • Thrive
  • Economy
    • Business
    • Education
    • Loans and Frugal Living
    • Investing and Insurance
  • Environ.
    • Climate Change
    • Eco-Friendly
    • Farming & Gardening
    • Environmental Hazards
    • Nature & Wildlife
    • Preparedness
  • Govt.
    • Agencies & Systems
    • The Fed & Banking Cartel
    • Censorship
    • Govt. Corruption
    • Internet Control
    • Military Industrial Complex
    • Policies
    • Politics
    • Govt. Surveillance
    • Whistleblower
  • Health
    • Alternative Health Care
    • Big Pharma, CDC & FDA
    • COVID-19 Vaccine
    • Diet, Weight Loss, Obesity
    • Exercise and Fitness
    • Food, Drink & Nutrition
    • Healing & Natural Remedies
    • Herbs, Seeds & Spices
    • Human Energy Systems
    • Longevity & Life Extension
    • Mind-Body Connection
    • Pet and Animal Health
    • Prevention
    • Skin & Hair Care
  • Horoscopes
  • Media
    • Alternative Media
    • Books
    • Art and Music
    • Corporate Controlled Media
    • Films & TV
    • Internet
    • Social Media
  • Reality’s Edge
    • Afterlife & Past Lives
    • Ascension
    • Astrology & Numerology
    • Channeling & Readings
    • Dreams, ESP & Remote Viewing
    • Dying, NDE, & OBE
    • ETs, UFOs & Crop Circles
    • Mandela Effect
    • Mysteries
    • Predictions & Prophecies
    • Quantum Physics
    • Reality Shifts & Timelines
    • Spirituality and Religion
    • Angels & Spirits
  • Sci-Tech
    • Archaeology
    • Earth & Space
    • Futurism & Inspiring Inventions
    • Medical Advances & Procedures
    • Nature
    • Psychology-Psychiatry
    • Science
    • Technology
No Result
View All Result
Conscious Life News
No Result
View All Result
Home Sci-Tech Earth & Space

The Most Powerful Space Telescope Ever Built Will Look Back In Time To the Dark Ages of the Universe

by clnews
October 12, 2021
in Earth & Space, Sci-Tech, Technology
Reading Time: 9 mins read
0 0
A A
0
1
SHARES
481
VIEWS
Share on FacebookShare on TwitterShare on WhatsApp
Print Friendly, PDF & Email
Hubble took pictures of the oldest galaxies it could – seen here – but the James Webb Space Telescope can go back much farther in time.
NASA

Chris Impey, University of Arizona

Some have called NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope the “telescope that ate astronomy.” It is the most powerful space telescope ever built and a complex piece of mechanical origami that has pushed the limits of human engineering. On Dec. 18, 2021, after years of delays and billions of dollars in cost overruns, the telescope is scheduled to launch into orbit and usher in the next era of astronomy.

I’m an astronomer with a specialty in observational cosmology – I’ve been studying distant galaxies for 30 years. Some of the biggest unanswered questions about the universe relate to its early years just after the Big Bang. When did the first stars and galaxies form? Which came first, and why? I am incredibly excited that astronomers may soon uncover the story of how galaxies started because James Webb was built specifically to answer these very questions.

A graphic showing the progression of the Universe through time.
The Universe went through a period of time known as the Dark Ages before stars or galaxies emitted any light.
Space Telescope Institute

The ‘Dark Ages’ of the universe

Excellent evidence shows that the universe started with an event called the Big Bang 13.8 billion years ago, which left it in an ultra-hot, ultra-dense state. The universe immediately began expanding after the Big Bang, cooling as it did so. One second after the Big Bang, the universe was a hundred trillion miles across with an average temperature of an incredible 18 billion F (10 billion C). Around 400,000 years after the Big Bang, the universe was 10 million light years across and the temperature had cooled to 5,500 F (3,000 C). If anyone had been there to see it at this point, the universe would have been glowing dull red like a giant heat lamp.

Throughout this time, space was filled with a smooth soup of high energy particles, radiation, hydrogen and helium. There was no structure. As the expanding universe became bigger and colder, the soup thinned out and everything faded to black. This was the start of what astronomers call the Dark Ages of the universe.

The soup of the Dark Ages was not perfectly uniform and due to gravity, tiny areas of gas began to clump together and become more dense. The smooth universe became lumpy and these small clumps of denser gas were seeds for the eventual formation of stars, galaxies and everything else in the universe.

Although there was nothing to see, the Dark Ages were an important phase in the evolution of the universe.

A diagram showing different wavelengths of light compared to size of normal objects.
Light from the early universe is in the infrared wavelength – meaning longer than red light – when it reaches Earth.
Inductiveload/NASA via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA

Looking for the first light

The Dark Ages ended when gravity formed the first stars and galaxies that eventually began to emit the first light. Although astronomers don’t know when first light happened, the best guess is that it was several hundred million years after the Big Bang. Astronomers also don’t know whether stars or galaxies formed first.

Current theories based on how gravity forms structure in a universe dominated by dark matter suggest that small objects – like stars and star clusters – likely formed first and then later grew into dwarf galaxies and then larger galaxies like the Milky Way. These first stars in the universe were extreme objects compared to stars of today. They were a million times brighter but they lived very short lives. They burned hot and bright and when they died, they left behind black holes up to a hundred times the Sun’s mass, which might have acted as the seeds for galaxy formation.

Astronomers would love to study this fascinating and important era of the universe, but detecting first light is incredibly challenging. Compared to massive, bright galaxies of today, the first objects were very small and due to the constant expansion of the universe, they’re now tens of billions of light years away from Earth. Also, the earliest stars were surrounded by gas left over from their formation and this gas acted like fog that absorbed most of the light. It took several hundred million years for radiation to blast away the fog. This early light is very faint by the time it gets to Earth.

But this is not the only challenge.

As the universe expands, it continuously stretches the wavelength of light traveling through it. This is called redshift because it shifts light of shorter wavelengths – like blue or white light – to longer wavelengths like red or infrared light. Though not a perfect analogy, it is similar to how when a car drives past you, the pitch of any sounds it is making drops noticeably.

Similar to how a pitch of a sound drops if the source is moving away from you, the wavelength of light stretches due to the expansion of the universe.

By the time light emitted by an early star or galaxy 13 billion years ago reaches any telescope on Earth, it has been stretched by a factor of 10 by the expansion of the universe. It arrives as infrared light, meaning it has a wavelength longer than that of red light. To see first light, you have to be looking for infrared light.

[The Conversation’s science, health and technology editors pick their favorite stories. Weekly on Wednesdays.]

Telescope as a time machine

Enter the James Webb Space Telescope.

Telescopes are like time machines. If an object is 10,000 light-years away, that means the light takes 10,000 years to reach Earth. So the further out in space astronomers look, the further back in time we are looking.

A large golden colored disc with a sensor in the middle and scientists standing below.
The James Webb Space Telescope was specifically designed to detect the oldest galaxies in the universe.
NASA/JPL-Caltech, CC BY-SA

Engineers optimized James Webb for specifically detecting the faint infrared light of the earliest stars or galaxies. Compared to the Hubble Space Telescope, James Webb has a 15 times wider field of view on its camera, collects six times more light and its sensors are tuned to be most sensitive to infrared light.

The strategy will be to stare deeply at one patch of sky for a long time, collecting as much light and information from the most distant and oldest galaxies as possible. With this data, it may be possible to answer when and how the Dark Ages ended, but there are many other important discoveries to be made. For example, unraveling this story may also help explain the nature of dark matter, the mysterious form of matter that makes up about 80% of the mass of the universe.

James Webb is the most technically difficult mission NASA has ever attempted. But I think the scientific questions it may help answer will be worth every ounce of effort. I and other astronomers are waiting excitedly for the data to start coming back sometime in 2022.The Conversation

Chris Impey, University Distinguished Professor of Astronomy, University of Arizona

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

Tags: James Webb Space Telescopemost powerful space telescope
ShareTweetSend
Previous Post

Ervin Laszlo: ‘We Stand at the Cusp of an Evolutionary Leap in Consciousness’

Next Post

7 Tips on How to Look Good in a T-shirt

Related Posts

University Study Determines that Fire Did NOT Bring Down World Trade Center Building 7 on 9/11
Sci-Tech

University Study Determines that Fire Did NOT Bring Down World Trade Center Building 7 on 9/11

September 11, 2024
The End of Humanity – As Planned By The Global Leaders
Activism

The End of Humanity – As Planned By The Global Leaders

April 26, 2024
Google Gemini AI Is Anti-White – and So Is Google Search
Technology

Google Gemini AI Is Anti-White – and So Is Google Search

February 26, 2024
Through the Quantum Looking Glass: How Consciousness Creates Our Reality
Quantum Physics

Through the Quantum Looking Glass: How Consciousness Creates Our Reality

September 14, 2023
How Scientists Proved the Universe is NOT REAL: Nobel Prize Winning Proof EXPLAINED
Quantum Physics

How Scientists Proved the Universe is NOT REAL: Nobel Prize Winning Proof EXPLAINED

June 4, 2023
Reality Is An Illusion – Scientific Proof PLUS 77 Additional Reasons To Believe It’s True
Conscious Living

Nobel Prize in Physics Awarded for Proving the Universe Is Not Real | Where Quantum Physics Meets Vedanta

April 25, 2023
Next Post

7 Tips on How to Look Good in a T-shirt

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed.

Conscious Life News

The mission of Conscious Life News is to be a global leader in the consciousness-raising of the planet.

Follow Us

Browse by Category

  • Activism
  • Afterlife & Past Lives
  • Agencies & Systems
  • Alternative Health Care
  • Alternative Media
  • Angels & Spirits
  • Animals and Pets
  • Archaeology
  • Art and Music
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Ascension
  • Astrology & Numerology
  • Astrology Overview
  • Big Pharma, CDC, FDA & NIH
  • Books
  • Business
  • Careers
  • Censorship
  • Channeling & Readings
  • Climate Change
  • Conscious Evolution
  • Conscious Living
  • Conscious Parenting
  • Corporate Controlled Media
  • COVID-19 Vaccine
  • Daily
  • Diet, Weight Loss, Obesity
  • Dreams, ESP & Remote Viewing
  • Dying, NDE, & OBE
  • Earth & Space
  • Eco-Friendly
  • Economy
  • Education
  • Environment
  • Environmental Hazards
  • ETs, UFOs & Crop Circles
  • Exercise and Fitness
  • Farming & Gardening
  • Featured
  • Federal Law
  • Films & TV
  • Food, Drink & Nutrition
  • Futurism & Inspiring Inventions
  • Government
  • Govt Censorship
  • Govt. Corruption
  • Govt. Surveillance
  • Happiness & Humor
  • Healing & Natural Remedies
  • Health
  • Herbs, Seeds & Spices
  • Home Maintenance, Repairs & Improvement
  • Horoscopes
  • Human Energy Systems
  • Inspirational
  • Internet
  • Internet Control
  • Investing and Insurance
  • Laws and Lawyers
  • Lifestyle and Fashion
  • Loans and Frugal Living
  • Longevity & Life Extension
  • Mandela Effect
  • Manifestation / LOA
  • Maya / Matrix / Virtual Reality
  • Media & Arts
  • Medical Advances & Procedures
  • Meditation
  • Military Industrial Complex
  • Mind-Body Connection
  • Monthly
  • Mysteries
  • Nature
  • Nature & Wildlife
  • News Flash
  • Peace & Human Rights
  • Pet and Animal Health
  • Policies
  • Politics
  • Predictions & Prophecies
  • Preparedness
  • Prevention
  • Psychology-Psychiatry
  • Quantum Physics
  • Reality Shifts & Timelines
  • Reality's Edge
  • Relationships & Sex
  • Sci-Tech
  • Science
  • Skin & Hair Care
  • Social Media
  • Spirituality and Religion
  • Stuff
  • Technology
  • The Fed & Banking Cartel
  • Thrive
  • Uncategorized
  • Weekly
  • Whistleblower
  • World

Recent News

Scorpio Full Moon Deep Dive Video + Zodiac Forecasts All Signs

Scorpio Full Moon Deep Dive Video + Zodiac Forecasts All Signs

May 11, 2025
Weekly Astrology Video WC 12th May 2025 + All Signs…

Weekly Astrology Video WC 12th May 2025 + All Signs…

May 11, 2025

Welcome Back!

Login to your account below

Forgotten Password?

Retrieve your password

Please enter your username or email address to reset your password.

Log In

Add New Playlist

No Result
View All Result

© 2023 ConsciousLifeNews.com - Premium WordPress news & magazine theme by Jegtheme.

This website uses cookies. By continuing to use this website you are giving consent to cookies being used. Visit our Privacy and Cookie Policy.